How to choose a five axis linkage machining machine tool-SUZHOU GUDWAY CNC EQUIPMENT CO.,LTD

How to choose a five axis linkage machining machine tool

2023-07-04(104)

The more axes a machine tool has, the be...

The more axes a machine tool has, the better. Among the many parameters of a machine tool, one particularly noteworthy data is the number of axes. Especially when releasing some new machine tool products, companies always emphasize the number of axes to highlight the good performance of the machine tool. So, how to choose a five axis linkage machining machine tool?

The machine tool axis referred to here refers to the degrees of freedom of the machine tool, and several axes represent several degrees of freedom. For example, the typical three axis refers to the planar motion of the workbench plus the up and down motion of the tool, while the four axis refers to the rotation of the workpiece or the rotation of the workbench plus the first three axes. In theory, the more axes there are, the higher the degree of freedom of machine tool processing, and the stronger the functionality of the machine tool. However, this does not mean that the more axes there are, the better.

In addition to the number of axes, there is also linkage

Whenever it comes to multi axis machine tools, several linkages will follow. As mentioned earlier, the axis of a machine tool refers to the degree of freedom of machining, while the linkage of a machine tool refers to the servo axis (excluding the spindle) that can be interpolated simultaneously. For example, five axis five linkage refers to the coordinated movement of five motion axes simultaneously during workpiece processing. If one or two of the five axes cannot move simultaneously with the other axes, then this type of machine tool is called "five axis four linkage" or "five axis three linkage". In theory, the number of axes can reach tens, tens, or even hundreds, but the linkage degree may not be as high, which is also why five axis linkage machine tools are considered an important national equipment resource. So whenever a multi axis machine tool comes out, it is always important to emphasize linkage, as linkage can showcase the performance of the machine tool in a more three-dimensional way.

2. In addition to degrees of freedom, accuracy and stiffness are also important

Machine tools refer to machines used for manufacturing machines. It has a wide range of types and plays an important role in the modernization of the national economy. Different processing methods have different requirements for the types and performance of machine tools. Therefore, although multi axis can bring higher machining freedom and functionality, in many cases, the workpiece being processed is not so complex, but it affects the accuracy and performance of the machine tool. Higher rigidity requirements. At present, multi axis linkage machine tools have obvious advantages in complex workpiece processing and efficiency, but do not have advantages in accuracy. On the contrary, due to the complex design of the machine body, the rigidity of the machine tool is slightly weak. In short, it is suitable for processing. Facing different machining workpieces, the more axes the machine tool has, the better.

Regarding the selection of a five axis linkage machining machine tool?

Although not all machining requires the use of a five axis linkage machining machine tool, it does represent the level of machine tools and is an effective means to solve complex machining problems such as impellers, blades, marine propellers, and heavy machinery. With the development of the manufacturing industry, the processing requirements for machine tools are increasing, and the consumer market for five axis linkage machine tools is also constantly expanding. The five axis linkage machining machine tool is still a specialized machine tool due to the diversity of machining parts and the limitations of machine speed, accuracy, and rigidity. Therefore, the design and selection of a five axis linkage machining machine tool should first start with the processed parts and typical machining trajectories, namely the relative motion trajectory characteristics of the tool and the parts, the tool motion accuracy/speed/space, the classification and accuracy inspection of the motion axis of the five axis linkage machining machine tool, etc.

When designing and selecting a five axis linkage machining machine tool, the following basic principles should also be followed:

1. Does the motion characteristics of the machine tool structure conform to the motion trajectory characteristics of the tool relative to the surface of the part.

2. Does the "composite motion accuracy" of the machine tool meet the requirements of tool motion trajectory accuracy and motion speed.

3. Does the size specification of the machine tool meet the space required for the tool movement trajectory.

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